one is that two lines walk on the same layer (side-by-side), the other is that two lines walk on two adjacent layers (over-under). Generally, there are many ways to implement the former side-by-side.
In order to minimize the chance of PCB board distortion and obtain a flat finished board, the layering of the multi-substrate board should be kept symmetrical.
Causes of reflected signals: excessively long lines, unterminated transmission lines, excessive capacitance or inductance, and impedance mismatch.
The main reason of reflection signal: too long running; Transmission lines with unmatched terminations, excess capacitance or inductance, and impedance mismatches.
There is a little bit of short circuiting between digital and analog, but note that there is only one connection point. There are also differences on the PCB, which is determined by the system design.
The size of inductive crosstalk depends on the proximity of two loops, the size of the loop area, and the impedance of the load affected.
High speed devices are particularly sensitive to this, and will thus receive high speed false signals, while low speed devices will ignore such false signals.
The reflection of the signal back to the signal source will increase the system noise, making it more difficult for the receiver to distinguish the noise from the signal,
In particular, note that the bypass capacitor needs to pass through two holes when connecting the power layer to the formation, so that the parasitic inductance of the holes will be multiplied.
to produce a conductive channel on the circuit board that allows the later process to complete the connection between the upper/lower or intermediate circuit layers
it will also lead to insufficient bonding force between copper foil and substrate after laminate, resulting in positioning (only for the large plate) or sporadic copper wire loss, but the stripping strength of copper foil near the stripping line will not
Using the principle of electroplating, through the current and voltage control of gold plating on the surface. Anti-oxidation: The use of chemical principles of an anti-oxidation chemical coated on the surface
